Pediatric Cardiology Calculators and References

Cath Extensions

Glenn/Fontan PVRi from Qp, Nakata and McGoon PA indices, Gorlin valve area, and AHA/ATS 2015 vasoreactivity response.

Cavopulmonary TPG and PVRi with every Qp assumption stated
Nakata index and McGoon ratio with Nakata 1984 cohort context
Vasoreactivity criteria and shunt operability thresholds side by side

PRAiS2 Surgical Risk

What the UK PRAiS2 model for 30-day mortality after pediatric cardiac surgery is, why it is not reproduced here, where to run it, and observed/expected arithmetic for its outputs. Research and audit use only.

Model structure and published performance (Rogers 2017)
Links to the official UCL software and public explainer
Observed/expected and cumulative expected minus observed deaths from official outputs

Cardiac ICU

CICU Severity Panel

Vasoactive-inotropic score, vasoactive-ventilation-renal score, oxygenation index and oxygen saturation index after cardiac surgery.

VIS with forced vasopressin unit choice and Gaies groups
VVR (VIS + ventilation index + 10 x creatinine rise)
OI and OSI with PALICC-2 bands, held back for mixing lesions

Single-Ventricle O2 Explorer

Educational model of a parallel circulation: Qp:Qs from saturations and systemic oxygen delivery across Qp:Qs, after Barnea 1994.

Bedside Qp:Qs, flows and DO2 from saturations
Curves of DO2, SaO2 and SvO2 against Qp:Qs
Optimal Qp:Qs and the range where supply exceeds VO2

Neonatal and fetal

CCHD Pulse-Ox Screen

Newborn critical congenital heart disease screening with the updated AAP algorithm: right hand and foot SpO2 for up to two screens.

Pass needs 95% or more in both and a difference of 3% or less
One repeat screen, then pass or fail
Shows the path taken and the next step

Neonatal Echo Hemodynamics

Targeted neonatal echo: LV and RV output, SVC flow, the El-Khuffash PDA severity score and the Iowa PDA score, with gestational and postnatal age guards.

LVO, RVO and SVC flow (Kluckow and Evans) with ±10% diameter propagation
El-Khuffash PDA severity score (<29 weeks, day 2) and Iowa PDA shunt-volume score (0–14)
Low SVC flow (<41 mL/kg/min) and post-ligation LVO <200 markers

Neonatal Echo Reference Values

Published preterm and term echo reference ranges and cut-offs, each with population, method and citation, searchable by parameter.

Outputs, SVC flow, PDA and atrial shunt markers, LA:Ao
TAPSE, RV FAC, PAAT, eccentricity index, LV function and tissue Doppler
RVSP from the TR jet (4v² + RAP)

Fetal Echo

Fetal cardiac Z scores by gestational age or femur length and the 10-point Cardiovascular Profile Score.

Z scores for 16 structures (Schneider 2005, Pasquini 2007 isthmus and duct)
Gestational-age range guards and mm/cm unit checks
Huhta Cardiovascular Profile Score with point deductions

Echo

Echo Z-Scores

Pediatric Heart Network (Lopez 2017) Z scores for 35 2D echo measurements, with expected mean and normal range, and Detroit alongside.

All PHN Table 2 parameters plus LV end-systolic diameter, Haycock BSA locked
Derived areas, LV volumes, mass and ratios from their components
Detroit (Pettersen 2008) comparison column, flagged unverified

LV Mass and LVH

PHN 2D LV mass, volume and wall Z scores, plus M-mode LV mass indexed to height^2.7 against the Khoury 2009 cutoffs.

PHN area-length LV mass Z (Lopez 2017)
Devereux M-mode LV mass and LVM/height^2.7
Khoury 2009 cutoffs for children over 9 years

Aortic Root and Ghent

Aortic root Z scores (PHN, with Detroit alongside) and the revised Ghent systemic score and rules as a reference checklist.

Annulus, sinuses, STJ and ascending aorta Z with normal ranges
Revised Ghent systemic score out of 20
Which Loeys 2010 rules the entries meet, with caveats

Kawasaki Coronary Z-Scores

Coronary artery z scores from four published models side by side, with the AHA 2017 classification, a model-disagreement flag and the Son 2019 aneurysm risk score.

PHN 2017 and Kobayashi 2016 LMS (verified); Boston and Dallaire shown as unverified comparisons
AHA 2017 class per artery, including the 8 mm rule; flags when models disagree
Son 2019 risk score with Boston-vs-PHN z caveat

PH Echo Estimator

Pediatric pulmonary hypertension echo screening markers: RVSP, PA acceleration time, eccentricity index and TAPSE.

RVSP from the TR jet with an explicit RA pressure assumption
Levy 2016 PAAT equations with age, heart-rate and exclusion guards
End-systolic EI against published pediatric cut-offs

Borderline LV Scores

What the Rhodes 1991 and Colan 2006 discriminant scores and the Cohen AV valve index say about biventricular candidacy, with an automatic measurement sensitivity band.

Rhodes 1991 and Colan 2006 scores for neonatal valvar aortic stenosis
±5% measurement / ±0.5 z band flags results that cross the cutoff
Requires the z-score reference and warns when it is not Boston

Clinic

QTc and LQTS Score

QTc by Bazett, Fridericia, Framingham and Hodges from QT (ms) and heart rate or RR, with pediatric +2 SD context and the Schwartz 1993-2011 LQTS points score.

Four corrections side by side, with unit traps for seconds vs milliseconds
Phan 2015 +2 SD values for children 6 years or younger
Schwartz score with mutual-exclusion and same-relative rules

Pediatric Blood Pressure

AAP 2017 category and stage for one reading from the child's table percentiles (1 to <13 y) or fixed thresholds (13 to <18 y), with a four-limb gradient helper.

Table 3 rules including the 'whichever is lower' absolute caps
Table 6 screening flag and Table 11 emergency threshold
Right arm minus leg gradient, flagged at 20 mm Hg or more

Pediatric Heart Failure

NT-proBNP compared with age- and sex-specific upper reference limits for ages 1 to 19 (NHANES, Mu 2023), with the Ross 2012 and NYU PHFI scores described and linked.

Ratio to the 97.5th percentile for age and sex
Forced pg/mL or ng/L unit choice; BNP and pmol/L excluded
Ross 2012 and NYU PHFI explained, not scored (tables not openly available)

Pediatric CPET

Where pediatric exercise reference values come from (Burstein 2021 and others, explained and linked) and percent predicted peak VO2 from a predicted value you bring from a named reference.

Burstein 2021 CHOP normative study summarized and linked
Percent predicted with forced unit choice and mL/kg/min conversion
No built-in reference equation (coefficients not openly published)